Monday, December 30, 2019

Human Geography Essay - 700 Words

Bright lights, colorful signs, and delicious smells, all are things that may be found in an ethnic neighborhood. An ethnic neighborhood is a neighborhood, where the majority, if not all the population is of the same belief, and follows the same religion. One of the most well-known neighborhoods in Chicago is Chinatown. Chinatown has many cultural traits that set it apart from neighboring areas; however there is always a looming threat of internal and external threats to its culture. China town possess many cultural traditions and customs. One major cultural trait is the color red. In Chinese culture, red signifies happiness, prosperity, and luck. Many buildings have a very generous use of red. Doorways, walls, and even windows covers†¦show more content†¦Although many of those stores had signs in Chinese, it doesn’t change the effect the stores had on the neighborhoods. While external threats are a looming danger, they are not the only threat. Internal threats also c an compromise the established local structure. There are many internal threats prevalent as well. As people live life in the U.S, or experience other culture, they may want to integrate the new culture into their own. One such example is with kids. When kids go to school, they meet people of other cultures, and beliefs. Over time, they may think that an aspect of their beliefs is better than their own. This can cause a recession in the local culture of an area. Another internal threat is that of movement. As kids grow older they may get bored of their surroundings and decide to move out. When people move, buildings generally become open for sale, and often for low prices. These vacancies are enticing to many people who are seeking a home. This can greatly disrupt a neighborhood, as suddenly what was previously a Chinese neighborhood, is now half polish. One last example is with oriental Chinese food. Asian dishes are generally spicy, with many herbs. People often change recipe to fit the American palette. Over time Chinese-Ameri can may come to enjoy the new Americanized flavor more. Chinatown has many cultural traits that set it apart from neighboring areas; however there isShow MoreRelatedGeography And Human Geography701 Words   |  3 PagesGeography is a science that deals with the description, distribution, and interaction of the diverse physical, biological, and cultural features of the earths surface (Websters). We study geography so that we can better understand the locations of places, people, cultures, physical features of the Earth and more around us and the world. Studying geography requires looking at all of Earth’s systems. Geography is used almost everyday in our daily lives. For example, using a global positioning systemRead MoreHuman Geography: Overpopulation Essay972 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Geography Final Essay Human Geography Honors Humankind will always have to overcome challenges. Three key challenges that we are currently facing and require immediate action are overpopulation, land use, as well as cultural conflicts. These issues have been prevalent topics in the media in recent years. Unless we start taking the steps to address these concerns, we will continue to see these topics in the media for years to come. Overpopulation is a relatively recent issue. The world’sRead MoreHuman Geography And Development Studies1611 Words   |  7 Pagesshape the world; geography helps people understand its effects in the past, present and near future. This essay will examine how both concepts, human geography and development studies and how they share similarities and differences. Human geography is the study of how people interact with their surrounding environment and the impact they have on that specific environment (Murray 2015). Development studies is the process, which involves focusing on improving the quality of human lives and reducingRead MoreHuman Geography And Development Studies1622 Words   |  7 Pagesworld people, places, societies and environments are constantly changing. Both natural and human created events, shape the world and create strong relationships between the environment and society. Human geography and development studies are two fields seeking to analyse these inter relationships and answer key questions about major issues in the world such as poverty, inequality and conflict. Human geography is largely about studying the spatial aspects of relationships between people and societyRead MoreDiscuss the Future of Human Geography with Reference to the Approaches That Have Emerged Since the 1950s1779 Words   |  8 PagesDiscuss the future of human geography with reference to the approaches that have emerged since the 1950s. Geography found its roots during periods of exploration when mans knowledge of the world was still subject to the imagination. For many decades, Europe and the British Empire in particular formed much of what cartography is today, and environmental determinism was widely used to serve imperialist needs. Many ideas and theories were highly influenced and composed by upper class academics andRead MoreHuman Geography : The Way People Interact With Each Other And Their Environment844 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Geography is the way people interact with each other and their environment. Here are a few ways people interact with each other. People from countries in Africa and the Middle East migrate illegally to Europe through boat rides and walking by foot from country to country. Due to the war and poverty in their countries, people migrate to other countries. This causes separation of families, increased border control in European countries, and resentment against people of color in Euro pean countriesRead MoreWorld History And Geography : Human Trafficking1414 Words   |  6 PagesAmy Jia Shevlin World History and Geography November 20, 2015 Child Trafficking According to Global issues, human trafficking is the illegal transportational trade in people for the purpose of servitude. Human trafficking has become an increasing problem around the world. It is seen as the modern equivalent to slavery. According to Arkofhopeforchildren.org, 600000 to 800000 women, children, and men are bought and sold across international borders every year and exploited for forced labor or commercialRead MoreAp Human Geography4570 Words   |  19 PagesHeather Furlong AP Human Geography Summer Assignment Quote: â€Å"We were first introduced to rap music during one of our visits to Mobimbi, a quarter where the foreigners who worked for the same American company as my father lived† (Beah 6). Explanation: The theme of region is shown in this quote as the author describes one of his many trips down to Mobimbi. Region describes the geographical unit based on characteristics and functions of culture. This quote also shows a very specific type ofRead MoreUrban Geography And The Human Agency1212 Words   |  5 PagesWith the sources provided it is evident how influential the social structure is on urban geography and the human agency in the continuum of the socio-spatial dialect. The talk by Wilkinson outlines social problems that correlate to inequality that is widening throughout developed countries. The Figures provide statistics of the inequality within Canada and the patterns that are not temporary but also not inevitable as discussed in the article about the Three Cities of Toronto. The article analysesRead MoreGeography And Its Impact On Human Behavior1128 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Geography plays a major role in determining the outcome in human societies. Geographical features provide the foundation of countries; where a nation is physically located influences patterns of endogenous lifestyles and who are the neighbor countries for the nation is likely to set up exogenous international relations (Glanoor, 1995). Geography has indeed shaped a wide variety of the many aspects of human life over time and that outcome has somewhat shaped human behavior. In this

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Canadian Democracy A Lack of Transparency and...

Introduction A democratic government has long been favoured as the most fair and representative government for a country to have. This essay will explore the advantages and disadvantages of both minority and majority government (for example efficiency, compromise, and power) and argue that in fact neither offers a fair representation of Canadian’s due to lack of both transparency and accountability. Parliamentary Government In Canada there are three branches of government: the executive branch which enforces Canadian laws and carries out government business; the legislative branch which debates and passes laws; and the judicial branch which interprets the laws and dictates how punishment should be carried out. In parliamentary†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, Prime Ministers who lead minority governments must be very cautious in who they select for their cabinet ministers so to ensure the House members will support the government; however as Jackson, D., Jackson R.J. (2002) states â€Å"even with such precautions, minority governments have tended to be quite unstable and pass less legislation than governments based on single-party majority control of the House† (p. 137). Majority Government A majority government occurs when a single party wins 155 (50% plus 1) or more seats in the House of Commons and the rest of the seats are split up amongst the other parties in the House of Commons depending on which party’s MP received the majority vote in their electoral riding. In fact, as Jackson, D., Jackson, R.J. (2002) have pointed out â€Å"most elections have produced a majority government, based on the support of only one party in the House of Commons† (p. 137). A majority government has much different advantages and disadvantages than the minority government; one major advantage for the party with the majority government is that they don’t require the support of any of the other parties in order to pass their bills. While this is great for the party as a bill is able to ascendShow MoreRelatedSenate Reform2136 Words   |  9 PagesOn July 1st, 1867, Canada confederated into a nation and committed to uphold democracy â€Å"From Sea to Sea†. As stated in the Constitution of our nation, Canada would be governed through a Parliamentary system, with both an upper and lower house of legislature. The lower house, the House of Commons, would include elected members from across the country. Conversely, the upper house, the Senate, according to Section 24 of the Constitution Act (1867), states: â€Å"The Governor General shall†¦ summon qualifiedRead MoreThe Paradoxes of Bangladesh1980 Words   |  8 Pagesdefinition of democracy, free, fair, and competitive elections and the guarantee of civil rights and civil liberties for the citizenry must exist in order to promote democratization in Bangladesh. Democratization, according to Canadian International Development Agency’s (CIDA) definition, refers to the process of strengthening popular participation, building democratic institutions and practices, and deepening societal democratic values. Despite having the framework of a parliamentary democracy an d WesternRead MoreWhy Snowden Is A Hero Or A Traitor?1691 Words   |  7 Pagesreform proposals, arguments continue on whether Snowden is a hero or a traitor (Simcox, 2015). No place to hide, is a 2014 non-fiction book by the former constitutional lawyer and author Glenn Greenwald. He argues in favour of U.S government accountability for the National Security Agency illegal domestic spying program that allegedly aims to defend against potential terrorism. The unreasonable level of surveillance breaches citizens and foreigners’ privacy. Greenwald discusses his communicationRead MoreEssay on Plurality Voting System in Canada 2540 Words   |  11 Pagesattacked for unfairly representing the popular vote and giving some parties a disproportionate amount of legislative power while leaving others with none. Opponents contend that other electoral systems would be far superior and provide a better democracy. Proportional representation (PR) is usually cited as the best alternative; the debate of proportional representation versus plurality often hinges on the balance between fairness and efficiency. Without attempting the political calculus to determineR ead MoreThe Canadian Electoral System Is Criticized For Using The Single Member Plurality2258 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction The Canadian electoral system is criticized for using the single member plurality (SMP) system more commonly known as first past the post, we adopted system from the British because at the time there were only two political parties in Canada. The current problem now is that many people feel that the system is unfair given that a party is able to gain a majority government even if they received less than fifty percent of the vote. As long as they have the majority of the popular voteRead MoreAre Free Elections Necessary to Have a Democracy?1997 Words   |  8 Pages It is important to understand the concept of democratization to examine newly developed democracies more critically and to have a better understanding of the contemporary politics around the world. Since many countries consider themselves as democracies, there needs to be a scale that represents the shared value and aspiration of democracy to evaluate these countries in a critical and objective manner to determine the dem ocratic performance of these governments. The region this essay will be focusingRead MoreThe Current Plurality Voting System Essay2418 Words   |  10 Pagesattacked for unfairly representing the popular vote and giving some parties a disproportionate amount of legislative power while leaving others with none. Opponents contend that other electoral systems would be far superior and provide a better democracy. Proportional representation (PR) is usually cited as the best alternative; the debate of proportional representation versus plurality often hinges on the balance between fairness and efficiency. Without attempting the political calculus to determineRead MoreHealth Care Reform: The New Definition of Socialism Essay2483 Words   |  10 Pagesnot have health insurance, while another twenty-five million were underinsured†. (Health CS). The United States one of the most powerful countries in the world where a national health care system is nonexistent because there is no fin ancial accountability. Politics, money and bureaucracy have left Americans with doubt, confusion and the worries on how to pay for health coverage. United States should have a national healthcare plan because it will cut down on cost be more efficient and make doctors moreRead MoreIndian Polity and Social Issue16628 Words   |  67 Pageshave powers to enact laws. The residuary powers are vested with the Union. The upper house of the Parliament, the Rajya Sabha, which consists of representatives of States, is also an example of the federal nature of the government.    Parliamentary Democracy The President of India is elected by the Parliament and State Legislative Assemblies, and not directly by the people. The President is the Head of the State, and all the business of the Executive and Laws enacted by the Parliament are in his/herRead More5 Hour Energy Shot Business Proposal for the United Kingdom Expansion10942 Words   |  44 Pageson public spending. Currently, 1.4 percent of the labor forces are employed in agriculture, 18.2 percent in industries and 80.4 percent in services. However, agriculture may soon face a labor crisis due to an aging workforce coupled with a general lack of interest among younger workers for agricultural jobs. Despite only contributing 1.4 percent of UK’s GDP in 2010, Agriculture is still considered an important part of the UK’s economy and society as it produces 60 percent of the UK’s food 9 needs

Friday, December 13, 2019

Historical Perspective of Alcoholism Free Essays

string(137) " alcohol and mineral acids, and the key to finding them was through the process of distillation, which the Arabs developed and mastered\." Introduction Alcohol is the oldest and still probably the most widely used drug today. Some consider alcohol as an opponent but many consider it as an ally. Moderate amounts stimulate the mind and relax the muscles, but larger amounts impair coordination and judgment, finally producing coma and death. We will write a custom essay sample on Historical Perspective of Alcoholism or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is an addictive drug leading to alcoholism. Alcohol is known since antiquity to have some therapeutic value. Opium and alcohol had long been used as analgesics. Greek medicine had employed wine and vinegar in wound care. Now we know that alcohol is a good antiseptic. Alcohol has other values in modern medicine such as pain relief, delay labor, raising HDL level, etc. Pure ethanol is a colorless, flammable liquid (boiling point 78. 5? C). Ethanol, produced by fermentation as in wine or beer or by synthesis, is a dilute solution and must be concentrated by distillation for making other alcoholic beverages or pure ethanol for injections. This article will review the origins of alcohol and its many uses throughout history. Early Alcoholism Since antiquity, alcohol-containing beverages played a vital part in the daily lives of ancient people. Beer, from fermented barley, is the earliest known alcoholic drink to man. Beer was an integral part of their religious ceremonies and mythology. Early civilizations found the mood-altering properties of beer supernatural, and the newfound state of intoxication was considered divine. Beer, it was thought, must contain a spirit or god, since drinking the liquid so possessed the spirit of the drinker. Remnants of this belief persist to modern times. We still refer to alcohol and alcoholic beverages as â€Å"spirits†. The mouth of a perfectly happy man is filled with beer†, is an ancient Egyptian proverb. Indeed, numerous ancient Egyptian inscriptions and documents show that beer, together with bread, was a daily food. Beer was an important offering to the gods, and was placed in tombs for the afterlife. An inscription in the tomb of Ramses II (c. 1200 B. C. ) reads: â€Å"And thou shall give me to eat until I am satisfied, and thou shalt give to me beer until I am drunk. † The ancient Greeks called beer â€Å"zythos†, which was derived from the Egyptian word â€Å"zythum†. The Romans brewed and drank â€Å"cerevisia†, named after Ceres, the goddess of agriculture. The Romans had a god Dionysus, or Bacchus, the god of wine, who they worshipped in bouts of alcoholic frenzy. The hangover plagued mankind. It was a top medical priority in the days of ancient Egypt. Cabbage juice was the Pharaoh’s remedy. For many hundreds of years we have looked upon this â€Å"old wives† tale with amusement. However, recent scientific studies have shown that cabbage juice can chelate some of alcohol’s byproducts after the liver has detoxified it. Ancient cultures brewed beer for religious ceremonies as well as for their own enjoyment. Drinking beer was the principal means by which worshippers achieved religious ecstasy. Beer occupied a major role in ancient literary repertoire. For example, the Finnish poetic saga, Kalewala, has 400 verses devoted to beer but only 200 were needed for the creation of the earth. According to the Edda, the great Nordic epic, wine was reserved for the gods, beer belonged to mortals, and mead [an alcoholic drink of fermented honey and water] to inhabitants of the realm of the dead. Although beer and brewing was known in many ancient cultures, the oldest proven records of brewing are about 5,500 years old and can be traced to Mesopotamia [ancient Iraq]. A vast repository of cuneiform writings from the area depicts beer and brewing, hence the Mesopotamians are credited with the first beer. The earliest account of barley is found on an ancient Sumerian engraving describing beer making. Beer made people feel â€Å"exhilarated, wonderful and blissful. † The Royal Cemetery of Ur, one of the most spectacular discoveries in ancient Mesopotamia, contains mid-3rd millennium BC tombs of kings and queens of the city of Ur. One of the tombs belonged to Queen Pu-abi who was buried with her servants. Among the hundreds of gold and silver items found to accompany her to the afterlife was a five-liter silver jar, her daily allotment of barley beer. Hammurabi, who decreed the oldest known collection of laws, established a daily beer ration. This ration was dependent on the social standing of the individual. For example, a normal worker received 2 liters, civil servants 3 liters, and administrators and high priests 5 liters per day. In those ancient times beer was not sold, but exchanged for barley. As beer brewing was a household art, it was also women’s work. Hammurabi once ordered a female saloon-keeper drowned for serving low quality beer. The importance of beer to early man is highlighted in Gilgamesh, the great Mesopotamian Epic and written in the 3rd millenium B. C. It is the oldest literary epic in the world. Enkidu, the bestial primitive man, â€Å"drank seven cups of beer and his spirit loosened and his heart soared. In this condition he washed himself and became a human being. Thus, Enkidu, the wild-man, evolved from primitive man to â€Å"cultured man† after tasting beer. History of Alcoholism in Arab â€Å"The oldest alcoholic drinks were fermented beverages of relatively low alcohol content, that is, the beers and wines. When the Arabs introduced the then recent science of distilling into Europe in the Middle Ages, the alchemists believed that alcohol was the long-sought elixir of l ife. Alcohol was therefore held to be a remedy for practically all diseases, as indicated by the term whisky (Gaelic: ‘water of life’)†. The concept of an elixir or life-giving potion originated from the writings of Jabir ibn Hayyan (8th century AD) and al-Rahzi (9th century AD) and known to the West as Geber and Rhazes respectively. They were the most important scientists in the history of chemistry and chemical technology in Islam. Their works exerted a dominating influence on later generations of Muslims and Europeans. The most important of the great chemical discoveries in the Middle Ages were alcohol and mineral acids, and the key to finding them was through the process of distillation, which the Arabs developed and mastered. You read "Historical Perspective of Alcoholism" in category "Papers" Distillation was one of the most important processes in Islamic chemical technology and was employed for both medicinal preparations and a variety of other technological and industrial uses, including the preparation of acids and the distillation of perfumes, rosewater and essential oils. Several great Muslim chemists clearly described the distillation of wine using specialized distillation equipment. Al-Rahzi, in his book Kitab al-Asrar (The Book of Secrets) described the process of distillation and the apparatus used. He used distillation to concentrate alcohol, which was then taken as an anesthetic. Al-Kindi (9th century AD), describes distillation and the apparatus in his book, Kitab Kimya’ al-‘itr wa al-Tas-idat (Book of Perfume Chemistry and Distillation). Al-Kindi says: â€Å"In the same way, one can distill wine using a water-bath, and it comes out the same color as rosewater. † In Spain, the Arab surgeon Aub al-Qasim al-Zahrawi, (d. 1013 AD), known to the West as Albucasis, described the distillation of vinegar in an apparatus similar to that used for rosewater, adding that wine could be distilled in the same way. He described using alcohol as a solvent for drugs. The flammable property of alcohol was noted by Jabir (Geber): â€Å"And fire which burns on the mouths of bottles [due to] . . . boiled wine and salt, and similar things with nice characteristics which are thought to be of little use, these are of great significance in these sciences. † The flammable property of alcohol was utilized for various applications in Arabic military and chemical treatises of the 12th and 13th centuries. Many Arabic manuscripts describing the chemical recipe for alcohol eventually found their way into 12th and 13th century European works and attributed to various European authors. Clearly, the Arabs were the first to distill alcohol and used it for medicinal purposes. From the Arab world, knowledge of distillation spread to Europe and European alchemists began experimenting with the distillation of many items, but medicines were still mostly given as infusions or decoctions of single herbs. Arabic writings in Spain began to influence Christian schools of medicine in Italy and France. The 13th century Spanish alchemists, Arnold Villanueva and Raymond Lully, introduced wine spirits, which they called aqua vitae (water of life) as a solvent into European medicine. This later became known as brandy, shortened from the German term for â€Å"burnt wine. † Brandy was used as medicine by itself for various diseases and later became popular as a recreational drink as well. In the 16th century, the Swiss physician Paracelsus popularized the use of distilled alcohol as a solvent to prepare tinctures from herbs and chemicals. History of Alcoholism in USA During the early 1970s, partly in response to student movements of the period — many states lowered the drinking age to 18 — the thought being that if a young man could be sent to war, he should be able to legally purchase and consume alcohol. It was also at this time that the voting age was lowered to 18. In short, what happened at this time is that college students demanded, and received, the same constitutional rights as adults — e. g. to vote, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, rights to privacy (including access to contraception, and abortion), etc. This consensus was challenged by the College Alcohol Study started by a group of researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health, led by social psychologist Henry Wechsler, who began exploring the problem of college drinking in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Their work in part led to the passage of the National Minimum Drinking Age act of 1984. It also led to the construction of â€Å"binge drinking† as a disease and social problem particular to young adults in higher education settings. I was an undergraduate at the University of Vermont while all this was going on — the state was a holdout on keeping the drinking age at 18 but was eventually forced to raise the drinking age to get those federal highway funds. More recently still, the abstinence approach bolstered by the College Alcohol Study has been challenged by research conducted by the Social Norms Institute, who argue that the â€Å"health terrorism† perpetuated by the â€Å"binge drinking† model has not solved the problem of campus drinking, it simply has created an underground culture of drinking. They argue that by focusing on the most egregious cases, prevention efforts have exaggerated the extent to which most college students drink. Their approach is remarkably similar to that proposed by the Yale Center in the 1940s — i. . emphasize wellness, resilience, and informed decision making. Harmful effects of alcohol The long-term harmful effects of alcohol abuse on the body are also great. Fifty percent of chronic liver disease is caused by alcohol abuse. Alcohol is also associated with many other diseases, including pancreatitis, cardiomyopathy, peripheral neuropathy, dementia and other central nervous system d isorders, and the fetal alcohol syndrome. Alcohol abuse is associated with cancers of the alimentary and respiratory tracts and possibly with breast cancer. High amounts of alcohol or longterm ingestion increase insulin resistance, triglyceride levels, blood pressure and all-cause mortality. Binges may result in arrhythmias. Alcoholics have elevated levels of plasma homocysteine, which has been linked to premature vascular disease. Beneficial effects of alcohol There is no doubt that when used appropriately, alcohol has many medicinal uses, as mentioned earlier. Beer was used as anesthetic since ancient times and was a common component in ancient prescriptions in Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Greek medicine. Since many recorded ancient prescriptions contain many ingredients, it is often difficult to determine which is the active component. Many powerful drugs must have been administered unintentionally, for the wisdom behind many folk remedies rests on the accumulated weight of empiric experience through the millennia. One of the fascinating finds of medical archaeology is the detection of the antibiotic tetracycline on a thin section of bone from Roman Egypt. It is thought that tetracycline was formed in the brewing process as a result of contamination with an airborne streptomycete, and then ingested with the beer. Beer, therefore, might have been an unintentional vehicle for the delivery of powerful antibiotics in those early times. Since beer was a fundamental food staple, a constant intake of this antibiotic might have influenced the pattern of bacterial infection. It is possible that the well-known great bacterial resistance to tetracycline today maybe due to bacterial exposure to it since antiquity. How to cite Historical Perspective of Alcoholism, Papers

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Managing Human Resources Challenges For Recruiting The Workforce

Question: Discuss about the Managing Human Resources of Tesco and Identify Some Of The Key Challenges For Recruiting The Workforce. Answer: Introduction The human resources department of an organization like Tesco is the part that builds up the root of the organization. It, therefore, acts as the process that can be a change agent which works for the replacement of the role of the personnel department as well as the specific function rather than carrying out the replacement of an outdated personnel department. Tesco is a well-known brand in the retail market that has developed their culture through the extension of their logo that specifically helps in the fulfilment of their commitment to the employees as, well as the customers(Tesco, 2017). Thus this report reflects the key challenges that Tesco faces during the completion of its commitment. The knowledge regarding the key challenges will provide the proper path to find requisite and effective solutions to increase their business in the competitive market. Challenges in Recruiting the Workforce As mentioned in the above section the report is supposed to reflect the requisite information regarding the key challenges that are faced by the human resources department and which is hindering the growth of the business in the international market. As per Alan Chloe, while considering the human resources rules and specifications then it can be seen that the companys human resource strategies spin around the work simplification, challenging unwritten rules along with the rolling out of the effective skills of the employees as well as their performance management (Alan Chloe, 2013). But out of all the crucial part is the recruitment part which poses threat to all the ongoing processes. Thus the organization some of the issues that are basically raised during the recruitment and keeping that into account the requisite solutions are found which will mitigate the problem(Aladwan, Bhanugopan Fish, 2014). As per Bansal, recruitment is the initial process that takes the organization towards the path of success. It is because the company owns skilled, efficient and experienced labour supply that makes the fulfilment of the goals and objectives of the organization (Bansal, 2014). Therefore the challenges that the selected by considering the particular characteristics are: The ongoing process of Recruitment: The organization is basically facing issues due to the high amount of staff turnover just because the employees are getting better as well as attractive offer elsewhere. Thus the reasons of the ongoing recruitment can be of various types that basically disrupts the business processes (BudhwarVarma, 2013). By tat manner it is seemed to that the customers will be regularly receive the bad services with the recruitment of wrong people in the frontline roles. But out of all the reasons of high staff turnover one reason is the job position being unattractive or the recruitment of the wrong person for the desired role (Cascio, 2013). This makes the organization continually recruiting. Thereafter the pressure increases and the hiring managers cannot control the quality of recruits. Lack of Decision Making: According to Chang-Richards, et al, the decision making process is one of the big challenges which pose threat during the fulfilment of the responsibilities. For that reason the quick decision must be made. The hiring managers or the higher management should take effective decision to take the first position to hire the efficient and skilled candidates quickly. Thus the lack of effective decision making makes the management to lose the good and skilled candidate to a competitor (Chang-Richards, et al., 2015, July). Decentralization of the Recruitment: The lack of expertise of the managers in the organization or its other outlets brings the condition of decentralization of the recruitment. It is because the recruitment as well as the selection of the effective people in the shop is directly linked to the productivity as well as the profitability of the organization. This challenge in Tesco is faced in many of the outlets which decreases the percentage of sales of the organization (Edwards Bach, 2013). Lack of effective Advertising: Most of the candidates carry out their recruitment process by attracting the eligible candidates through marketing and effective advertising. And specifically in the retail sector like Tesco the company should attract a diverse range of applicants from various age groups, qualification and ethnicity (Fechter, OelbergerMcWha-Hermann, 2017). This brings the organization to choose efficient candidates for their increase of productivity as well as profitability. But in condition of lack of effective advertising the hiring managers will not be able to find requisite qualities that should be within the right person. Thus the lack of effective advertisement enables the organization to face challenge in finding the right candidate for their organization. The last challenges that Tesco faces in recruitment in not understanding the mentality of the candidates coming for the interview. In that context, it can be said that at some point the candidates are also the definitive customers of the organizations which must be taken care of. Thus the organization needs to attract the right candidates like their customers. It is very clear from the scenario that the applicants generally apply for the jobs to Tesco. The reason behind it is the brand name of Tesco which liked by the people. Thus by liking the brand as well as the values the candidates get attracted to apply for jobs in Tesco. So the company also treat the applicants as the customers (Gomez-Mejia, BalkinCardy, 2015). Factors influencing the recruitment process at Tesco: As far as the recruitment process of Tesco is concerned, it includes the selection of suitable candidates from various applicants by making the appropriate use of the specification and description of the job (McDonnell, Scullion Lavelle, 2013). There are various factors that have both short term and long term effects on the recruitment process of Tesco which can be categorized as follows: Labour supply: There is a high turnover rate of turnover of employees in the retail industry which is very much experienced by Tesco. This means the employees come and go on a routine basis that leads various challenges. Most of the time the retails like Tesco experience the highest rate of" no show" for the recruitment interviews as the candidates get a better offer from other company. This is not basically because the job is unattractive or the candidates who come for the recruitment are not appropriate. As per Peter Robert, there are probabilities that the applicants may only feel like working on a temporary basis as in most of the cases the candidates are students who want to have a part-time experience and earn pocket money or they may want to simply make extra money as the stopgap (Peter Robert, 2015). Thus, there is a demand for the labour in Tesco which is majorly affected by the high rate of employee turnover. One of the reasons for the labour supply that is influencing the recruitment i n Tesco is the early stage recruitment that is conducted one-to-one most of the time. Most of the candidate applies for a high street retailer like Tesco which is local for them which results in increasing the chances that the candidates will walk in directly to ask for a job. This provides a huge opportunity for the store managers to establish a positive association with them in the outlets. However, the regular walk-ins disrupt the operation and functions of the managements when the walk-ins happen on a regular basis (Snell, Morris Bohlander, 2015). If the manager finds it extremely required regarding the need of someone at the moment, an appointment can take place of whoever comes to the recruitment at the moment without even assessing properly the suitability of that person for the retailer. The conditions of the employment in the community where the outlets of Tesco are located have been influencing the efforts regarding the recruitment of Tesco (Stone, 2013). Even the informal attempts during the recruitment time like the announcements in the meetings or the displays at the notice boards of the requisition will attract a lot of applicants provided there is huge manpower at the recruitment time. Organizational image: The image of Tesco acts as a potential constraint for the recruitment process. Tesco has a positive goodwill and image as an employer which makes it easy to retain and attract the candidates in comparison to any other retailer which has a negative image in the market. The image of Tesco is determined by the work it does and in what way it affects the society. The positive image of the retailers also paves the way for the customers getting interested in joining as employees (VarmaBudhwar, 2013). This happens in the companies like Tesco which belongs to B2C industry. It both positively and negatively attracts the candidates which affect the recruitment process. The applicants who apply for the jobs in Tesco are attracted because they like the brand and the values of the company. This also denotes that Tesco has been rejecting by levelling up the criteria and suitability standards which hurt most of the rejected candidates which happen to be the customers of Tesco most of the time (Varm aBudhwar, 2013). Demographic issues: Diversified workforce creates issues for Tesco during the recruitment process. The gender biases which happen during the process of recruitment are affecting the quality of the workforce that Tesco has. The preference of fairer sex is undermining the image of the company. The most pressing concern that Tesco is also facing is the implications f the people who are working longer with respect to the age strategies of Tesco (WirtzHeracleous, 2013). The availability of manpower within and outside TESCO has been an important factor in the recruitment process of Tesco. Tesco has to rely upon the internal sources when it does not find suitable candidates from outside recruitment which leads to many corruption and inappropriate strategies. Recommendations: Tesco should focus on the in-depth analysis of job and profiling of roles that would reveal the qualities and competencies that it needs in the new recruits. To be aware what is beneficial and which is not in the role would help the recruiters of the company in understanding what they would be assessing. They would also get the idea regarding the target of the training and the participation that they would need in the job role. Tesco should attempt mobile enabled pre-assessment which would provide the company with a realistic job preview in interactive, short evaluation which would be described in the career section of the website of the retailer. It would describe the realities of the job role and would assist the potential candidates in making a decision regarding the culture and job of Tesco. If the recruitment process would be mobile-enabled, the recruiters can ask the walk-in candidates to go through the applications and self-asses their suitability. Tesco can also initiate appl ications that are on the spot initials. Tesco can use the realistic job preview of the interested candidate for walk-in and can make quick psychometric assessments, situational judgments tests along with the short interview. All of this would be integrated and automated with the application tracking system. This would prove to be a quick and efficient process that would enable Tesco to respond rapidly by screening all candidates in an effective way. This type of on-spot approach would help Tesco to handle the recruitment process along with gaining much control over the human touch. This structure is less disruptive for the managers of the stores in which their lack of experience in the recruitment would not hinder the recruitment process during assessing the qualities of the candidates. For a forward thinking retailer like Tesco, inviting the candidates for the key roles to the centres of assessment would reflect the creativity. The candidates can be able to take part in the interactive and practical activities, customer interaction and along with the situational judgmental, that would be required during the jobs. By making use of the tablets, the recruitment managers of Tesco can deploy the video clips along with conducting quizzes that can be instantly tracked for which the recruitment department would not have to take the worry regarding the printing and making hard copies of the materials. Conclusion: The report deals with the in-depth analysis of the issues and challenges that arise during the process of recruitment in an organization like Tesco. The current process of recruitment along with the role of the management of the organization in making effective hiring or workforce is discussed in the report. The secrets of being a successful recruiter in the retail industry, Tesco has to treat every candidate with respect and care along with making good us of technology in order to make the selection process very fast and convenient as far as possible. This way, the managers of the outlets would be able to hire a better quality of staff within the least of disruption. References Aladwan, K., Bhanugopan, R., Fish, A. (2014). Managing human resources in Jordanian organizations: challenges and prospects.International journal of Islamic and middle eastern finance and management,7(1), 126-138. Alan, C., Chloe, M. (2013).Managing Human Resources. Bansal, A. (2014).Computerised Human Resource Information SystemAn Emerging Trend for Managing Human Resources.J. Classification,3. Budhwar, P. S., Varma, A. (2013). Managing human resources in Asia-Pacific: An introduction.Managing Human Resources in Asia-Pacific,20, 1. Cascio, W. F. (2013). Managing Human Resources . New York, NY: The McGraw Hills Companies. Chang-Richards, Y., Wilkinson, S., Seville, E., Brunsdon, D. (2015, July).A systems approach to managing human resources in disaster recovery projects.In5th International Conference on Building Resilience(pp. 15-17). Edwards, M. R., Bach, S. (2013). Human Resource Management in Transition.Managing Human Resources: Human Resource Management in Transition, 1-17. Fechter, A. M., Oelberger, C., McWha-Hermann, I. (2017).Managing human resources in international NGOs. Gomez-Mejia, L. R., Balkin, D., Cardy, R. (2015). Managing Human Resources Plus 2014 MyManagementLab with Pearson eText--Access Card Package. McDonnell, A., Scullion, H., Lavelle, J. (2013). 2. Managing human resources in international organizations.How Can HR Drive Growth?, 4. Peter, A., Robert, E. (2015). Managing Human Resources and Technology innovation: The impact of process and outcome uncertainties.International Journal of Innovation Science,7(2), 91-106. Snell, S. A., Morris, S. S., Bohlander, G. W. (2015).Managing human resources.Nelson Education. Stone, R. J. (2013).Managing human resources.John Wiley and Sons. Tesco - Online Groceries, Homeware, Electricals Clothing.(2017). Tesco.com. Retrieved 18 May 2017, from https://www.tesco.com/ Varma, A., Budhwar, P. S. (2013).Managing human resources in Asia-Pacific(Vol. 20).Routledge. Wapshott, R., Mallett, O. (2015).Managing Human Resources in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: Entrepreneurship and the Employment Relationship. Routledge. Wirtz, J., Heracleous, L. (2013). Singapore Airlines: Managing Human Resources for Cost-effective Service Excellence.